1.5.11 Микробиология

Methodical features of biotechnology reproduction of soil fertility to realize the po-tential productivity crop. This article describes the resource-saving technology  of crop cultivation based on the transformation of the soil structure and the plant root system, secures up to 25% of harvest, even at extremely dry seasons.

Influence of an electromagnetic field on phytochemical and anatomic properties of herbs The anatomic and phytochemical analysis of the medicinal vegetable raw materials collected near the high-voltage power lines is carried out. The samples collected in the reserved territory were studied as a control. A number of the features resulting from electromagnetic field influence on soils and vegetable organisms have been revealed. It was proved that the majority of biochemical reactions within vegetable organisms had been suppressed under the influence of an electromagnetic field. It was endorsed by both anatomic anatomic (considerable decrease in leaves of the studied objects of such microdiagnostic signs as quantity the Druze of oxalate of calcium, quantity the golovchatykh of hairs), and quantitative (decrease in the maintenance of the main groups of connections of the studied raw materials – flavonoids and polysaccharides) methods.

Pigment complex of needles Far-Eastern and local species p. Juniperus The author presents the results of research of content of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids) in needles of introducent and local species Juniperus, growing in arboretum Mountain-Taiga station FEB RAS.  It is established that the amount of photosynthetic pigments of introduce species is inferior to the local species. These data extend the idea of the pigment complex of introduced coniferous species and can be used to diagnose the state of photosynthetic apparatus.

Rare-distributed ornamental-leaved shrubs in collection of Ufa Botanical Garden Results of many years introduction of 6 genus of rare-distributed ornamental-leaved shrubs in Ufa Botanical Garden are presented. The detailed morphological characteristics of each taxa are given end data on seasonal cycle of development are also presented. Recommendations on propagation of the species end cultivars as well as agrotechnics of their planting under conditions of Bashkir Cis Urals are proposed.

The results of the breeding work with decorative herbaceous cultures in Bashkortostan as an example the genus Paeonia L The article summarizes the results of many years breeding work with paeonia hybrida hort. in the Botanical garden of Ufa. The paper describes the main stages of work in this area, describing the new cultivars of paeonia hybrida hort.

Poliomyelitis: the state of the epidemic and prospects Key facts. Overview of the global epidemic and the epidemic in Russia, retaliatory measures. The tools available to date for polio eradication. Polio vaccination: past, present and future.

On the Abrau Peninsula in 2010 was established the State natural reserve "Utrish". That purpose is to preserve the unique natural complexes of dry subtropics  of the Black Sea coast of Caucasus – hemixerophilic relict ecosystems  in the Northern Mediterranean.  For its territory (Abramsom cluster), in the project documents was given 859 vascular plant species. As a Supplement to the flora of the reserve "Utrish" strictly within the boundaries of the reserve, for 2012 – 2015 years of research we have identified the whereabouts of the 179 species of vascular plants. Also from the preliminary list has been removed 124 species, which is not confirmed by herbarium collections. The result of the audit of all submissions received become the floristic reserve list, which includes 914 species of vascular plants. The peninsula Abrau in 2010 created the State Natural Reserve "Utrish" to preserve the unique natural complexes of dry subtropical Black Sea coast - gemikserofilnyh relict ecosystems of the Northern Mediterranean. For its territory (Abrausky cluster), in the project documents were given 859 species of vascular plants. In addition to the flora of the reserve "Utrish" strictly within the boundaries of the reserve for the 2012 - 2015 years of research we have identified the location of 179 species of vascular plants. Also from the preliminary list of 124 species has been removed, which is not confirmed by herbarium charges. The result of the audit of all submissions received was the floristic reserve list, which includes 914 species of vascular plants. The full list is provided in the PDF-file of this article.

30 years' Changes of Probabilistic and Information Characteristics of the Humus Content in Southern Chernozems in Western Siberia The analysis of transformation of the probabilistic-statistical distributions (PSD) of the humus content in southern chernozems at the studied territory in the whole, situated on the Priirtyshsky uval for the 30-year period revealed existence of the tendency to decrease in the humus content in the top layer and its increase in underlying layers of soil. Transformation of PSD of the humus content is followed by very essential reduction of statistical entropy up to 60% of initial value that speaks about essential change of a condition of chernozems in spite of the fact that taxonomically soils don't change. The analysis of information divergence showed that the revealed tendencies in a sandy loam version are expressed more strongly, than in the loamy soils. And the greatest transformation of PSD of the humus content for the studied period happened in a layer 30-50 cm due to increasing of the low boundary of the interval of variation. The revealed transformations of PSD are interpreted from the point of view of interaction of soilforming, climatic and landscape and exogenous processes.

Consequences of eco-toxicological effects of hazardous heavy metals compounds on the benthic communities of river ecosystems The paper presents the results of the analysis of long-term regime hydrochemical information about the hazardous heavy metals (mercury, cadmium and lead) content of the river waters and hydrobiological information about the structural organization of the benthic communities. The possible  changes assessment of the ecological status of river ecosystems was conducted. It is shown, that the variability of the quantitative indicators of the benthic communities is response to the transformation of the component composition of the aquatic environment river’s.  The strengthening processes of environmental regression of  benthic communities takes place in river ecosystems with a high level of contamination of the toxic heavy metals.

Study of the sensitivity of hospital S. aureus strains to the action of disinfectants Has been studied the sensitivity of strains of S. aureus, isolated from hospitals environmental objects (air of manipulation rooms, swabs from the surfaces of medical equipment, uniforms of the medical staff) to modern disinfectants. It was established that the highest activity possessed chlorine compounds, and means based on peracetic acid.

The method of evaluation of potato varieties for resistance to viruses It is proposed another estimation of varieties and breeding hybrids of potato with regard to their clonal origin and propagation.

The functional state of the organism of calves during cold method of cultivation. Кostesha Nikolay Yakovlevich, Makarevitch Veronika Gennadievna For  the experiment 2 groups of calves were taken. An experimental group of  5 days old calves was put into individual cabins where the temperature was minus 4-5C. The control group was put into similar  cabins where the temperature was 11-12oC. The test of peripheral blood  in the experimental group showed that the quantity of erythrocytes increased significally compared with the control group of calves. The authors believe that moderate stress (according to the increase of cortisol in peripheral blood) stimulates erythropoiesis. Since the 7th  day of the experiment the calves began to gain weight up to 25% compared with the control group.

Evaluation of the rate constants reactions of the alkyl, allyl and aryl radicals with hydrocarbons with use the artificial of neural network Evaluation of the rate constants reactions of the alkyl, allyl and aryl radicals with hydrocarbons with use the artificial of neural network Tumanov Vladimir Evgen’rvich This paper discusses the use of feed-forward artificial neural network to predict the rate constants of organic molecules in the bimolecular radical reactions R + R1H in the liquid phase on the experimental data. The hybrid algorithm of calculation of rate constants of bimolecular radical reactions on the experimental thermochemical data and an empirical index of the reactionary center is offered. This algorithm uses an artificial neural network for a prediction of a classical barrier of bimolecular radical reaction at a temperature of 298 K, a database of experimental characteristics of reaction and Arrhenius's formula for calculation of a rate constant. Results of training and a prediction of the network are discussed. Results of comparison of logarithms of the calculated and experimental of the rate constants are given.

The epithelial-mesenchymal transition is one of the sources of the emergence of new cancer stem cells in response to cancer chemotherapy. The initiation of this process depends on a number of transcription factors - Snail, Twist, Zeb, which regulate the activity of genes, involved in cellular phenotype and inter-tissue interactions. In turn, Snail, Twist, Zeb are targets for the regulation of the nuclear factor kappa bi (NF-kappaB) cascade, one of the leading signaling pathways of cell adaptation and defence both under normal conditions and in the pathogenesis of a wide range of diseases, including various oncologies. This review study examines the interaction of NF-kappaB with genes regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells. The mechanisms of information transfer and the activation pathways of the NF-kappaB signaling pathway and the regulatory network of transcription factors of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition are considered. Data on the factors of initiation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition with the NF-kappaB participation are presented. Roles of specific components in NF-kappaB signaling pathway are presented separately in this trigger, as well as cooperation with other signaling cascades involved in the tumors development. It also demonstrates the usage of various pharmacological, including protein, inhibitors of the NF-kappaB cascade to prevent EMT triggering. In conclusion, the facts about the regulation of NF-kappaB activity due to the reverse loop formed by the products of the target genes of the Snail, Twist, Zeb factors are presented. This work is of interest to specialists in the field of cell biology, human genetics and molecular oncology

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of rotavirus infection  infants This paper deals with epidemiological analysis of rotavirus gastroenteritis in infants in the first year of life and the study of nosocomial spread of diseases among them in the hospital. Shown widespread rotavirus gastroenteritis among children first month of life, the possibility of a wide nosocomial rotavirus infection children. The results obtained allowed for more effective prevention and control measures in the foci of infection.

Alexandr Fedorovich Lebedev —  first soil scientist Rostov University The article describes the main stages of the life and work of an outstanding representative of Russian genetic soil science Alexandr Fedorovich Lebedev. The authors attempted to collect anecdotal information about the first soil scientist Rostov University, who worked within its walls long before the organization of the Department of soil science.

Ecological State of Dark Chestnut Soil in Agrogene-transformed Ecosystems of Orenburg Zauralye The dark chestnut soil in various farmland are investigated in Orenburg Zauralye. The comparison of soil with virgin analogues showed that the degree of agrogenic transformation and environmental degradation of these soils increases in the following series: virgin — hayfield — grazing areas — fallow land — arable land.

Identification of fish species of the family of whitefish, harvested on the North Yenisei With the implementation of raw fish in the settlements of the Yenisei North revealed falsification of fish whitefish family, which is expressed in a specific regrading. During the study, the analysis of the scheme regrading Arctic cisco, Siberian whitefish and muksun produced in the lower reaches of the river basin Yenisei. Proposed a rapid method of identification based on knowledge of the morphometric characters.

Features reovirus RNA isolation from clinical material S. A. Kolpakov, E. P. Kolpakova. Key objective of the given research is to find out reasons of failures during extraction of the RNK reoviruse from sick people clinical material. In due course it was discovered that transcriptase (RNA dependent RNA polymerase) very quickly transforms double-stranded RNA into a single-stranded RNA due to short time of activation after violation of reoviruse outside capsid integrity. This single-stranded RNA is invisible using standard way of electrophoresis registration. Addition of a transcriptase with polymerase function in ready-made samples or in clinical material from sick people before RNA extraction leads to transformation of a single-stranded RNA (if available) into a dsRNA identified after electrophoresis in the form of genome’s segments. The developed RNA visualisation method could assist in etiological diagnostics of reoviral infection and in studying of reovirus as a pathogen.

New group of human rotaviruses, the family Reoviridae S. A. Kolpakov, E. P. Kolpakova. Key objective of the given research is to find out reasons of failures during extraction of the RNK reoviruse from sick people clinical material. In due course it was discovered that transcriptase (RNA dependent RNA polymerase) very quickly transforms double-stranded RNA into a single-stranded RNA due to short time of activation after violation of reoviruse outside capsid integrity. This single-stranded RNA is invisible using standard way of electrophoresis registration. Addition of a transcriptase with polymerase function in ready-made samples or in clinical material from sick people before RNA extraction leads to transformation of a single-stranded RNA (if available) into a dsRNA identified after electrophoresis in the form of genome’s segments. The developed RNA visualisation method could assist in etiological diagnostics of reoviral infection and in studying of reovirus as a pathogen.