14.03.00 Медико-биологические науки

Ecological-modifying effect of soil contamination with heavy metals on the contact interaction of human leukocytes Evstropov Vladimir M. Don state technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia Abstract: It is known that by assessing the intensity of the contact interaction of lymphocytes with granulocytes, we can detect the processes of preclinical carcinogenesis. Heavy metals have carcinogenic properties, and the interaction of lymphocytes with granulocytes, which characterizes the level of transforming cells, is reduced in people permanently residing in the city, compared to people in rural areas [6], apparently under the influence of increased of anthropogenic environmental pollutions. At the same time, the contact interaction of lymphocytes with granulocytes can be considered as a cytological phenomenon, which characterizes the functional state of leukocytes, in particular their locomotor and adhesive potencies. Based on the characteristics of various functional zones of the city of Rostov-on-Don, established on the basis of the determination of the total indicator of soil contamination with heavy metals (zinc, arsenic, copper, lead and nickel), we carried out a comparative analysis of the activity of contact interaction of leukocytes of various types (lymphocytes and granulocytes) among the residents of two functional zones of the city, who differ in the degree of soil contamination with heavy metals: with moderately dangerous and acceptable levels of contamination. The results of the study showed that the residents of the functional zone of the city with a moderately dangerous level of soil contamination with heavy metals, the intensity of the interaction of the studied leukocytes was lower than that of those living in the territory with an acceptable level of pollution. We assume that the revealed decrease in the intensity of contact interaction of leukocytes in people long-term living in areas whose soil is moderately polluted with heavy metals is caused by chromosomal abnormalities and transformation of leukocytes, in particular lymphocytes.

MicroRNA: markers of male infertility. The molecular basis of dysfunction and pathogenesis of male reproductive system are not fully known at the moment, but the results of several researches revealed that microRNAs play an important roles in precise regulation of post-transcriptional processes in spermatogenesis. It is involved in immune reactions, thermal and oxidative stress responses, it directs effects on proliferation and differentiation, chromatin compactification, apoptosis, affects the synthesis of functionally important proteins in the metabolism of spermatozoa, the synthesis of proteins involved in sperm motility, et cetera. All these facts are sufficiently confirm that differentially expressed in normal and pathological processes of sperm production  microRNAs can be used as reliable markers for different variants of patospermia. Considering that the spermatogenesis disturbance is one of the most significant cause  of male infertility, identification of specific microRNAs and studying of its regulatory mechanisms are very important for the formation of through understanding of the problem of male infertility and for the development of therapeutic methods. So, the main purpose of this article is compilation a literature review over the past six years on the topic of altered expression of microRNAs in seminal plasma, testicular tissue in several types of spermathogenesis abnormalities. In generally, analysis of the literature sources has shown that miR-15, miR-126, miR-449, miR-514, miR-517, miR-1260 are down-regulated and miR-99, miR-141, miR-193, miR-373, miR-429 are up-regulated in various pathologies of spermatogenesis. Expression profiling of the following microRNAs in various pathologies of spermatogenesis have also been repeatedly noted by researchers, but the concentration of each of them could be increased and decreased depending on the type of pathospermia: miR-16, miR-19, miR-26, miR-29, miR-30, miR-34, miR-122, miR-125, miR-181, miR-374, miR-509, miR-574.    

The follicle-stimulating hormone receptor gene (FSHR) polymorphisms and hormon levels in women undergoing assisted reproductive treatment This study was performed to investigate the association between FSH receptor (FSHR) gene polymorphism at position 680 and the number of dominant follicles, also the FSH and LH levels before controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and after it. One hundred patients from 24 to 42 who underwent IVF-ET procedures were included in this study. Three groups were formed: patients with normal ovary response, patients with ovary hyperstimulation and patients with poor ovary response. The FSHR polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The FSHR genotype distribution in patients with normal ovary response was 45,3%  for AA, 39,6% for AG and  15,1% for GG. There was no difference among the three genotype groups. The basal levels of FSH and levels after controlled ovarian hyperstimulation were significantly higher in patients with poor ovary response. LH levels after controlled ovarian hyperstimulation were significantly lower in patients with normal ovary response. The basal levels of AMH were significantly higher in patients with ovary hyperstimulation.

Optimization of information data analyzed in the process of neural network prediction outcome pathology of hemostasis Neural network systems for diagnostics and prognosis are actively introduced in clinical practices in last five years. These systems have higher detection sensitivity and specificity compared to traditional scales for valuation status severity. However the description most of these systems are not include information of principles and algorithms for selection neural network input parameters. Often this leads to redundancy of researched parameters, which in turn have negative impact upon work result of neural network systems. In this article proposed to the algorithm of informative parameters selection for information data optimization, analyzed in process neural network prognosis of outcome pathology hemostasis. neural network, algorithm, informative parameter.

Investigation of the activity some 8-aminoderivatives of 3-methyl- 7-?-hydroxi-?-isopropoxipropylxanthines at the experimental hyperlipidemia. Ostapenko А. А., Belay I. M., Romanenko N. I. We made research in analysis of the antioxidant features of the newly synthesized derivatives of 3-methylxanthine in experimental hyperlipemia in rats. The results of the computer prediction of the possible manifestations of the biological activities indicate that the majority of the analyzed compounds can influence on the different sides of lipid metabolism. Markers of the influence on the activity of lipid peroxidation and the complex antioxidant activity during administration  of derivatives 3-methylxanthine were studied. This screening has allowed to identify some patterns of connections between the structure and the direction and severity of changes in the antioxidant properties of the blood of experimental animals. In addition, prospect of further pharmacological studies of the effects of synthetic analogs of xanthine are confirmed by appropriate patents and informational letters.  

Disorders of cellular and humoral immunity ulcer diseases The article deals with contemporary ideas on the state of immunological reactivity under ulcer disease. The role of immune disturbances in the development of clinical manifestations of ulcer disease is shown. Interrelations of different links of the immune system, correlations between specific immunity and natural protection of the organism are considered. Found that patients observed a variety of disorders immunological reactivity. Violations of the immunological reactivity observed in the acute stage and remain in remission.  

The effect of Mexidol on clinical and immunological status of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease The assessment of efficiency of meksidol therapy on clinical and immunological status has been made for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the acceptability of physical loads, quality of life and probability of survival of patients with COPD being cousidered against the background of mexidol treatment. It has been established that the use of this preparation in a complex therapy for COPD patients is accompanied by positive dynamics of respiratory symptoms and improves the quality of life of patients. Patients with COPD have a depression of absorbency of neutrophil phagocytics capacity and increasing its metabolic activity with the formation of reactive oxygen species, the probability of a 4 year survival in patients with COPD.  

Broncho-Pulmonary Pathology as Leading Cause of Hospitalization and Death of HIV-Patients in Providing Urgent Medical Care at Multifield Medical Prophylactic Institution The causes of hospitalization and mortality of  HIV-infected patients (n=20) during 10-year period of medical treatment in a multidisciplinary health care setting (Military Medical Academy) were analyzed. Today the main causes of these persons death in these institutions are the diseases not associated with HIV infection: burns, combined injuries, toxic substances poisoning. It was found that HIV infection worsens the prognosis of patients hospitalized with respiratory apparatus diseases, promoting the earlier development of nosocomial infections, exacerbation of  broncho-pulmonary diseases and short-term mortality.  

Application of cellular technologies for treatment of viral diseases The review is devoted to a hot topic — application of cellular technologies for treatment of viral diseases, in particular for treatment of AIDS.

The influence of vertically transmitted virus infections on the spinal cord injury progression in newborn children The work represents the results of the radiological, clinical and laboratory examinations of 380 newborn children with a personal history of the spinal cord injury. The optimal examination of the newly-born children with birth traumas has been worked out. The pathology of the birth spinal cord injury in children with clinical evidence of vertically transmitted virus infection has been analysed.

Immunopathogenesis and therapy of liver disease of viral etiology Motivated immune pathogenesis of HCV viral infection. The analysis of immune dysfunction in chronic viral hepatitis, and its deepening in the context of the standard therapy, also the possibility of correction of drugs cytokines. The results and prospects of the use of Roncoleukin when optimizing the treatment of patients with chronic viral hepatitis presented.

Lithium salt of acrydon-acetic acid as a substance for biomedical research The article considers a new antiviral and imunomodulating drug with extremely high bactericidal, and particularly virucidal activity against RNA and DNA viruses, mycocidal and algicidal effect. Ways of the effective use of the drug in the national economic products are discussed.

The hybrid forecasting model on the basis of intellectual agents The hybrid model on the basis of intellectual agents is developed for the task of infectious dynamics prediction. Intellectual agents are created as recurrent neural networks and interact on the basis of the Markov chain. In comparison with traditional mathematical models the hybrid forecasting model of infectious dynamics has following advantages: take into account epidemic’s numerous parameters, possibility of model’s scaling and setup for different types of epidemics.

Bayesian analysis of 2?2 contingency tables relative proportions A new standard expression for distribution of epidemiological risk ratio estimates has been found out using two by two methods of study. Comparing homogeneous groups the distribution is operational within wide-ranging conditions studying both rare and frequent events. Support value of the distribution formula will increase primarily in cases with small amount of the cases or controls observed. Using the derived distribution excess mortality from lung cancer of the Mayak PA workers was associated with radiation exposure with high reliability of the observation.

The comparative study of the influence of pathogenic factors on the formation of congenital and acquired neurosensory hearing loss The aim is to carry out a comparative analysis of pathogenic factors influence on the formation of congenital and acquired NHL and on the formation of complex pathologies and peculiarities of psycho-physiological status of the child. Сhildren with NHL have a physical developmental lag in the process of individual ontogenesis, which is manifested in the lack of functional maturity of somatic and visceral systems of the body, the simultaneous presence of different of anomalies of growth and development. The comparative analysis of the influence of the environmental pathogenic factors on the formation of the congenital and the acquired NHL showed that the condition of intra- and inter-hemispheric integration and the nature of spectral power density of the EEG ranges in children with NHL can act as a functional criterion for the pathology development.

Problems and prospects of the main biogenic elements intramolecular isotope correlations using as a new resource of different aetiology pathologies diagnostics It is shown that chemical elements isotopes fractioning in chemical and biochemical reactions is based on two fundamental kernel properties — the mass and the spin; differences between them can affect on both chemical reactions speed and reactive systems energy state. In some cases deviations in mass-dependent linear isotopic effect for most of uneven isotopes from hydrogen to uranium are observed. These fractioning peculiarities can be used: in living organisms — for early disease detection of different aetiology pathology; in abiogenous natural systems — for new methods of heavy elements isotopes enrichment development.

Communication quantitative chromosomal abnormalities of spermatozoa and preimplantation embryos Modern genetic diagnosis allows to establish chromosomal nondisjunction not only in postnatal and prenatal periods, but also in germ cells and early embryos. Thus, the most common nondisjunction in sperm are 18 and sex chromosomes. The most common aneuploidy in preimplantation embryos are chromosomes 21 and 18. Win abnormal embryos was 65,2 %, which indicates that the most effective elimination of nonviable embryos in early preimplantation stage.

Clinical and immunological peculiarities of whooping cough at children of early age in modern stage The article show clinical and immunological peculiarities of whooping cough at children of early age. Clinical manifestation of modern whooping cough characterized by light symptoms of intoxication, paroxysmal cough, more often at night and finished discharge of viscous sputum or vomiting, sometimes with reprizes; at percussion — box sound, at auscultation — rigid breathing with dry rales. In peripheral blood — leukocytosis, lymphocytosis, accelerated ESR. Increased level of cytokines, decreased level of subpopulations of CD3+ and CD4+ lymphocytes against a background of physiological level of CD8+ and CD19+, decreased level of factors of local immunity.

Studies efficacy and safety of nootropic medicines in combination therapy with antidepressants in patients with organic depression to enhance compliance The organic nonpsychotic depressive disorders are spread and difficult to treat. The organic depressive symptomatology is formed on the background of neurometabolic disturbances in the central nervous system. Proposed for increase the compliance, the stabilization of cognitive functions, the reduction of symptoms of depression in combination with antidepressant to use nootropic medications.