03.03.03 Иммунология

Genetics of Type I Diabetes Ryzhkov P. A., Ryzhkova N. S., Konovalova R. V. Analysis of literary data on modern researches in the field of genetic predisposition to diabetes in article is presented. The data that obtained for the last years attempt was generalized and spent to the uniform hypothesis considering genetic, immunologic and external factors that influence to development of a type 1 diabetes.

150-th Anniversary Dokuchaev’s Pupils — Vernadsky V. I. and Williams V. R. From the Mind to the Sphere of Reason Trofimov I. A., Trofimova L. S., Yakovleva E. P. Eminent Russian scientists v. V. Dokuchaev, v. I. Vernadsky and v. R. Williams dedicated his life to solving important problems of a systemic approach to the study and reasonable, respect for the Earth. Their names associated major breakthrough in biology, geography, ecology, environmental management, agricultural research and development in practice of their results. Shows the crisis of agricultural lands of the planet, Russia, Central Chernozem region and the ways of environmental management in agriculture.

Petrol Products in Soil. Terminology and Definition of the Problem Okolelova A. A., Bezuglova O. S., Kasterina N. G. The term «oil products» can be defined both in technical and analytical ways. From a technical point of view, oil products (OP) are raw oils after the initial processing at the excavation facilities. Methods and definitions of water diagnostic limit the term «oil products» to soluble hydrocarbons. We propose to replace the term «organic carbon of oil toxicants» with «organic carbon of antropogenic origin». We furthermore suggest considering oil compounds as «organic pollutants» or xenobiotics. In the research it is suggested to calculate the oil content of the soils by the quantity of anthropogenic carbon. Additionally, the oil products accumulation factor (Kn) is suggested to use for an impartial assessment of the oil content in soils including the quality of their compounds.

The Influence of the Spatial Variability on the Goal-Directed Behavior Organization Serkova V. V., Nikolskaya K. A. The influence of the spatial variability on the goal-directed behavior organization in adult mice line F1 from DBA/2J and C57BL/6J was studied. It has been found that sudden change of initial structure of the maze during the moment of imprinting of spatial information has negatively affected on possibility to form the adaptive behavior in accordance with the offered task conditions. It is assumed that the constancy of the initial spatial information can be an system factor which together with the other will ensure the success of the cognitive process.

Spatio-Temporal Variability of Phytoplankton State of the Seversky Donets River Reshetnyak O. S. It was considered the variability of quantitative and qualitative indicators of phytoplankton communities in different parts of Seversky Donets. It is shown that the characteristic feature of the development of phytoplankton in period 2002–2011 is high variability of quantitative indicators, suggesting an unstable state community. In the composition of phytoplankton was recorded from 12 to 39 species, the dominant complex were compiled diatoms and green algae. Aquatic ecosystems are able to anthropogenic ecological stress by level of phytoplankton development.

The article is devoted to Pavel Alexandrovich Sadimenko, whose 100th anniversary was celebrated in July this year. A prominent soil scientist whose scientific interests were concentrated in the field of land reclamation and soil physics, Professor P. A. Sadimenko also paid great attention to the study of the trace element composition of soils.

The yield of soybean varieties Kazachka erosion-dangerous slope depending on the method of basic soil treatment and mineral fertilizers Rychkova M. I. Mishchenko A.V. Federal Rostov agricultural research center, Rassvet village, Russia, E-mail: rychkova-1980@list.ru Annotation: The results of three-year field studies on the influence of methods of basic tillage and mineral fertilizers on the yield of soybean varieties Kazachka, obtained in the conditions of erosion-dangerous slope of ordinary carbonate chernozems (according  WRB, 2014, – Haplic Chernozem) of the Rostov region. Studies have found that in the conditions of erosion-dangerous slope an effective way of basic soil treatment in the cultivation of soybean varieties Kazachka is chisel and the introduction of an increased level of mineral fertilizers norm N84P30K48 (162 kg d. V. per 1 ha of crop area). At the same time, the highest indicators of productive moisture reserves in the soil and yield increase are formed-0.38 t/ha. Chiseling contributed to an increase in the payback of 1 kg of fertilizers by an increase in yield by 0.13-0.35 kg/kg in comparison with plowing.

Architectonics of the kidneys in connection with frost resistance Kidneys, like seeds, are of great importance in preserving plant life, especially in adverse environmental conditions. The structure of the kidneys consists of tissues and parts with varying degrees of thermal conductivity. A method for assessing the resistance of kidney to frost is proposed, depending on the internal structure of structures and location in space.

Entry of Zn and Cd from soil into herbaceous plants of the Asteraceae and Poaceae families Abstract: Environmental heavy metals pollution is one of the most pressing problems of nowaday ecology. Heavy metals are not subject to biodegradation and tend to move along the food chain, thereby threatening the animals and humans health. The aim of the work was to study Cd and Zn accumulation in different wild-growing herbaceous plants species of the Asteraceae and Poaceae families under long-term technogenic pollution. Ecological monitoring of the impact zone of the city of Novocherkassk, subjected to many years of technogenic pollution, was carried out. In plants growing in a 5 km zone around Novocherkasskaya power station, contamination with the studied elements was revealed. The soils of monitoring sites located in the prevailing north-west direction of winds are subject to the greatest pollution. The dependence of the content of Zn and Cd in the herbaceous plants of the Asteraceae and Poaceae families on the distance to the source of the technogenic load was established. The selectivity of metal accumulation by the studied species of herbaceous plants at various levels of technogenic pollution was revealed. Plants of the Asteraceae family accumulate the studied elements mainly in the aboveground part, Poaceae are characterized by a greater accumulation of metals in the root system. The least resistant to the input of pollutants from the soil is the Achillea nobilis. Poa pratensis has the highest resistance to Zn and Cd pollution by the combination of assessment indicators. Cd has a higher mobility in soils than Zn, which leads to a higher level of plant pollution with this element. The particle size distribution of the soil also has a significant effect on the availability of metals to plants.

The theoretical basis for the use of humic preparations on irrigated light serozems The considered materials testify that the development of the questions of the biochemistry of humus and humus substances, the use of biohumus in agriculture of irrigated light serozems lags behind the general state of this section of soil science. Studies of humus in soils and biohumus will provide additional opportunities for theoretical and practical developments that allow you to solve the addition and the necessary issues of agricultural practice in the region.

Immunological phenomenon of physical antigen-specific interaction of mononuclear cells with granulocytes in vitro Evstropov Vladimir M. Don state technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia Abstract:  Currently, only some aspects of the physical contact antigen-specific interaction of lymphocytes with granulocytes have been described (5), but meanwhile it is known that not only various subpopulations of lymphocytes, but also macrophages play a leading role in the formation of specific (adaptive) immunity. In recent years, neutrophils have also become regarded as cells involved in the recognition of a pathogen; therefore, the physical interaction of these cells, which are excorded from the immune system, in the presence of a causally significant antigen in vitro is of undoubted interest. According to some researchers, to study a specific cellular immune response as a criterion for assessing the effectiveness of immunization, it is advisable to use laboratory methods in vitro using specific antigens [7]. The aim of this work was to study the feasibility of assessing the indication of specific immunity in vitro by characterizing the physical antigen-specific interaction of mononuclear cells with granulocytes isolated from rat blood immunized with staphylococcal disintegrant in the presence of incomplete Freund's adjuvant. In this case, the quantitative level of rosettingformation mononuclear cells interacting with three or more granulocytes in vitro in the presence of this antigen was evaluated. The results of the study showed an increase in the quantitative level of rosetting mononuclear cells, compared with the same indicator of non-immune rats of the control group. The paper considers the possible participation in the implementation of this immunological phenomenon of subpopulations of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (naive T cells, CD45RA-positive effector cells, antigen-reactive T cells), as well as NK cells, monocytes and neutrophils. It is assumed that this method can be used to detect an immune response, however, the molecular mechanism of this immunological phenomenon and its immunological classification (attribution to the cellular or cell-mediated type of reaction involving cell-fixed antibodies) needs further study.

170 years since the birth of V.V. Dokuchaev Bezuglova Olga Stepanovna Abstract: March 1, 2016 marks 170 years since the birth of  V.V. Dokuchaev – an outstanding scientist, naturalist, founder of soil science. His views, theoretical and practical research influenced the development of a number of related disciplines, as well as the later appearance of such sciences as the doctrine of the biosphere and biogeochemistry.   Dokuchaev's ideas to restore the fertility of chernozem  steppes, which were implemented, have slowered the rapid degradation of the soil, but the situation remains difficult. In this regard, one of the urgent tasks of modern soil science is to increase public awareness of the importance of soils for food security and the implementation of essential ecosystem functions.

Global warming and its regional implications for the European part of Russia The article examines trends in global and regional climate, the forecast of their likely future changes, and the possible implications of these changes for economic activity in that region.

Modification of the nutrient medium to produce a pure culture of mushrooms of genus Pleurotus We investigated creation of the nutrient medium for extracting a pure culture of Basidiomycetes of genus Pleurotus – perspective producers of physiologically active substances.

The role of shooting range on information content of ecosystems space pictures of lands of agricultural purpose Berezin Leonid Vladimirovich Abstract: The efficiency of the analysis of a range of the reflected solar radiation in space pictures of the grain crops and laylands, which are planned to repeated development, increases at a clustering on light reflection intensity. The spectral curve of the allocated classes is defined by a shooting range. Its maximum information content is reached at the stage of pictures synthesizing at a priority of infrared range of a range of reflection of solar radiation, in comparison with its visible short-wave part.

The influence of temperature factor on spontaneous contact interaction of lymphocytes with granulocytes Revealed the effect of temperature factor on spontaneous contact interaction of lymphocytes with granulocytes. It is established that this cellular interaction in vitro is implemented in the form of three different types, the intensity of which is related to the temperature parameters of the joint incubation of these cells.

Special features of highly technological processing of the tomatoes  In the food branches of the industry of many countries the tomatoes are considered as the most popular culture because of the valuable nourishing and dietetic qualities, the wide variety of types, high responsiveness to the methods of cultivation used. However, the state of technology and equipment for processing of tomato raw material existing at present requires further development and improvement.  Canning industry is the branch forming the budget of the republic of Daghestan. To 30  % the financial means of republic it comes from that processing, including from canning industry. However, according to the quality indicators and using the methods of packing the canning production, manufactured in the republic thus far cannot compete with the analogous production on the international market. In many respects the low competitive ability of domestic tomato products determines the irrational relationship between price and quality of the manufactured articles. To increase the quality of canning output and to reduce its prime cost is possible due to the thorough selection of the types of tomatoes and use of highly technological production processes. In the scientific arsenal of the technologists of  Daghestan State Technical University and Kuban State University of Technology has already been located high technologies and pour on the mechanisms of action on the qualitative composition of the tomato raw material of multi-frequency electromagnetic and ultrasonic. By the large potential of highly technological working of raw material possess the methods of the preparative separation of the components of raw material the liquified and compressed gases. New technological methods make it possible to produce production without the preservatives, the fillers, the chemical, undesirable aromatic substances and other additives. In this work we propose effective means of the solution of this problem in the use of physical, physical chemistry and chemical methods of action on the tomato raw material, semifinished products, auxiliary materials and finished production. They include the electromagnetic field of low and superhigh frequencies, ultrasound, the SO2- working, utilized in other branches industries.

SPOROBOLUS CRYPTANDRUS (TORR.) A. GRAY (GRAMINEAE) – INVASIVE SPECIES OF FLORA IN THE ROSTOV REGION O.N. Demina, L.L. Rogal, S.R. Mayorov   In the Rostov region (Russia), in the sand in the river valleys of the Seversky Donets, Derkul and Kalitva it was discovered Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr) A. Gray. – North American adventive species. In recent years, recorded an increase in its population, which is related to the increase of anthropogenic load, including the resumption of active use of these territories as the grazed areas. At the same time, the fight against the settling of alien species that may subsequently become dangerous quarantine weeds, more cost-effective in the early stages of infestation. In view of this, an urgent need to pay close attention to the study of the biology and ecology of  S. cryptandrus. In the near future it is important to carry out an assessment of limiting fact affecting its size and the speed of the processes of invasion species.

The influence of SO2 on the plate of the leaves of planted trees In the article the influence of SO2 on the morphometric indicator of leaf plates of some planted trees has been researched. According to the gathered information the morphometric indicator of leaf plates and its connection with the concentration of sulphur in the atmosphere have been envisioned.

Role of inhalation of Abisib (water extract of Abies sibirica needles) in correcting the functional characteristics and productivity of broiler chickens in intensive poultry farms. Our studies have shown that the use of Abisiba (water extract of Abies sibirica needles) elevates erythrocyte count in peripheral blood in the experimental group of chickens. Average live weight in the experimental group (by 7%) and higher survival rate (by 6.5%), per cent concerning the control group that certainly shows the effectiveness using of Abisib in condition of intensive rearing of broiler - chickens.