03.02.02. Вирусология. Подрубрика: врусные болезни растений и методы борьбы с ними

The founder of the doctrine of viruses (To the 150th anniversary of the birthday of D. I. Ivanovsky) Describes the main stages of scientific and pedagogical activity of the D. I. Ivanovsky. Main results of his research, which determine the undisputed priority of the scientist as the founder of the doctrine of viruses.

Study of the stability of collection of potato varieties to virus diseases in the forest-steppe of Ukraine Studied 630 potato varieties for resistance to the major viral diseases in the forest-steppe of Ukraine. Established that the visual assessment of diseases complicated by nonspecific symptoms of some viral diseases. Using immunological and electron microscopic methods were identified pathogens of viral infections — Potato virus M and Potato virus Y. Highlighted accessions resistant to potato leaf roll, leafdrop streak and wrinkled mosaic.

On a plant Phryma asiatica (Hara) Probat. for the first time is revealed the isometric virus with the following characteristics: diameter virions — 30–32 nanometers; molecular weight of a capsid protein — 41,4 ± 0,8 kD; TIP — 80оС; LIV — more than 7 days; DEP — 10-4. In a refrigerator (is not higher 4оС) the infectivity of the phryma sap proceeded not less than 20 days. Against a virus the antiserum is obtained about which titer has made 1/12800. The antigenic affinity with the tobacco ring spot virus is shown. According to these data the pathogen falls belongs to Nepoviruses.

Investigation of the activity some 8-aminoderivatives of 3-methyl- 7-?-hydroxi-?-isopropoxipropylxanthines at the experimental hyperlipidemia. Ostapenko А. А., Belay I. M., Romanenko N. I. We made research in analysis of the antioxidant features of the newly synthesized derivatives of 3-methylxanthine in experimental hyperlipemia in rats. The results of the computer prediction of the possible manifestations of the biological activities indicate that the majority of the analyzed compounds can influence on the different sides of lipid metabolism. Markers of the influence on the activity of lipid peroxidation and the complex antioxidant activity during administration  of derivatives 3-methylxanthine were studied. This screening has allowed to identify some patterns of connections between the structure and the direction and severity of changes in the antioxidant properties of the blood of experimental animals. In addition, prospect of further pharmacological studies of the effects of synthetic analogs of xanthine are confirmed by appropriate patents and informational letters.  

Methodical features of biotechnology reproduction of soil fertility to realize the po-tential productivity crop. This article describes the resource-saving technology  of crop cultivation based on the transformation of the soil structure and the plant root system, secures up to 25% of harvest, even at extremely dry seasons.

Influence of an electromagnetic field on phytochemical and anatomic properties of herbs The anatomic and phytochemical analysis of the medicinal vegetable raw materials collected near the high-voltage power lines is carried out. The samples collected in the reserved territory were studied as a control. A number of the features resulting from electromagnetic field influence on soils and vegetable organisms have been revealed. It was proved that the majority of biochemical reactions within vegetable organisms had been suppressed under the influence of an electromagnetic field. It was endorsed by both anatomic anatomic (considerable decrease in leaves of the studied objects of such microdiagnostic signs as quantity the Druze of oxalate of calcium, quantity the golovchatykh of hairs), and quantitative (decrease in the maintenance of the main groups of connections of the studied raw materials – flavonoids and polysaccharides) methods.

Pigment complex of needles Far-Eastern and local species p. Juniperus The author presents the results of research of content of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids) in needles of introducent and local species Juniperus, growing in arboretum Mountain-Taiga station FEB RAS.  It is established that the amount of photosynthetic pigments of introduce species is inferior to the local species. These data extend the idea of the pigment complex of introduced coniferous species and can be used to diagnose the state of photosynthetic apparatus.

Rare-distributed ornamental-leaved shrubs in collection of Ufa Botanical Garden Results of many years introduction of 6 genus of rare-distributed ornamental-leaved shrubs in Ufa Botanical Garden are presented. The detailed morphological characteristics of each taxa are given end data on seasonal cycle of development are also presented. Recommendations on propagation of the species end cultivars as well as agrotechnics of their planting under conditions of Bashkir Cis Urals are proposed.

The results of the breeding work with decorative herbaceous cultures in Bashkortostan as an example the genus Paeonia L The article summarizes the results of many years breeding work with paeonia hybrida hort. in the Botanical garden of Ufa. The paper describes the main stages of work in this area, describing the new cultivars of paeonia hybrida hort.

Poliomyelitis: the state of the epidemic and prospects Key facts. Overview of the global epidemic and the epidemic in Russia, retaliatory measures. The tools available to date for polio eradication. Polio vaccination: past, present and future.

On the Abrau Peninsula in 2010 was established the State natural reserve "Utrish". That purpose is to preserve the unique natural complexes of dry subtropics  of the Black Sea coast of Caucasus – hemixerophilic relict ecosystems  in the Northern Mediterranean.  For its territory (Abramsom cluster), in the project documents was given 859 vascular plant species. As a Supplement to the flora of the reserve "Utrish" strictly within the boundaries of the reserve, for 2012 – 2015 years of research we have identified the whereabouts of the 179 species of vascular plants. Also from the preliminary list has been removed 124 species, which is not confirmed by herbarium collections. The result of the audit of all submissions received become the floristic reserve list, which includes 914 species of vascular plants. The peninsula Abrau in 2010 created the State Natural Reserve "Utrish" to preserve the unique natural complexes of dry subtropical Black Sea coast - gemikserofilnyh relict ecosystems of the Northern Mediterranean. For its territory (Abrausky cluster), in the project documents were given 859 species of vascular plants. In addition to the flora of the reserve "Utrish" strictly within the boundaries of the reserve for the 2012 - 2015 years of research we have identified the location of 179 species of vascular plants. Also from the preliminary list of 124 species has been removed, which is not confirmed by herbarium charges. The result of the audit of all submissions received was the floristic reserve list, which includes 914 species of vascular plants. The full list is provided in the PDF-file of this article.

30 years' Changes of Probabilistic and Information Characteristics of the Humus Content in Southern Chernozems in Western Siberia The analysis of transformation of the probabilistic-statistical distributions (PSD) of the humus content in southern chernozems at the studied territory in the whole, situated on the Priirtyshsky uval for the 30-year period revealed existence of the tendency to decrease in the humus content in the top layer and its increase in underlying layers of soil. Transformation of PSD of the humus content is followed by very essential reduction of statistical entropy up to 60% of initial value that speaks about essential change of a condition of chernozems in spite of the fact that taxonomically soils don't change. The analysis of information divergence showed that the revealed tendencies in a sandy loam version are expressed more strongly, than in the loamy soils. And the greatest transformation of PSD of the humus content for the studied period happened in a layer 30-50 cm due to increasing of the low boundary of the interval of variation. The revealed transformations of PSD are interpreted from the point of view of interaction of soilforming, climatic and landscape and exogenous processes.

Consequences of eco-toxicological effects of hazardous heavy metals compounds on the benthic communities of river ecosystems The paper presents the results of the analysis of long-term regime hydrochemical information about the hazardous heavy metals (mercury, cadmium and lead) content of the river waters and hydrobiological information about the structural organization of the benthic communities. The possible  changes assessment of the ecological status of river ecosystems was conducted. It is shown, that the variability of the quantitative indicators of the benthic communities is response to the transformation of the component composition of the aquatic environment river’s.  The strengthening processes of environmental regression of  benthic communities takes place in river ecosystems with a high level of contamination of the toxic heavy metals.

Study of the sensitivity of hospital S. aureus strains to the action of disinfectants Has been studied the sensitivity of strains of S. aureus, isolated from hospitals environmental objects (air of manipulation rooms, swabs from the surfaces of medical equipment, uniforms of the medical staff) to modern disinfectants. It was established that the highest activity possessed chlorine compounds, and means based on peracetic acid.

The method of evaluation of potato varieties for resistance to viruses It is proposed another estimation of varieties and breeding hybrids of potato with regard to their clonal origin and propagation.

The functional state of the organism of calves during cold method of cultivation. Кostesha Nikolay Yakovlevich, Makarevitch Veronika Gennadievna For  the experiment 2 groups of calves were taken. An experimental group of  5 days old calves was put into individual cabins where the temperature was minus 4-5C. The control group was put into similar  cabins where the temperature was 11-12oC. The test of peripheral blood  in the experimental group showed that the quantity of erythrocytes increased significally compared with the control group of calves. The authors believe that moderate stress (according to the increase of cortisol in peripheral blood) stimulates erythropoiesis. Since the 7th  day of the experiment the calves began to gain weight up to 25% compared with the control group.

Evaluation of the rate constants reactions of the alkyl, allyl and aryl radicals with hydrocarbons with use the artificial of neural network Evaluation of the rate constants reactions of the alkyl, allyl and aryl radicals with hydrocarbons with use the artificial of neural network Tumanov Vladimir Evgen’rvich This paper discusses the use of feed-forward artificial neural network to predict the rate constants of organic molecules in the bimolecular radical reactions R + R1H in the liquid phase on the experimental data. The hybrid algorithm of calculation of rate constants of bimolecular radical reactions on the experimental thermochemical data and an empirical index of the reactionary center is offered. This algorithm uses an artificial neural network for a prediction of a classical barrier of bimolecular radical reaction at a temperature of 298 K, a database of experimental characteristics of reaction and Arrhenius's formula for calculation of a rate constant. Results of training and a prediction of the network are discussed. Results of comparison of logarithms of the calculated and experimental of the rate constants are given.

The search of probiotic culture of Bacillus subtilis on medicinal herbs’ biomass using the phages The culture of Bacillus subtilis witch can include probiotic strains was identified on the biomass of herbs (mint, camomile, milk thistle) using specific bacteriopfage. The authors suggest that medicinal herbs possess useful properties not only because of the biologically active substances, but also due to the content of enhancing therapeutic effect Bacillus subtilis in their decoction.

The study of microbial activity of multicomponent of eye drops for the treatment of conjunctivitis Microbiological activity of model mixtures of eye drops for the treatment of complex action conjunctivitis in cultures opportunistic pathogens St. epidermidis and Candida albicans oftalmomikozov been studied. The sterility of test solutions of eye drops has been studied. The zone destruction of microorganisms has been established.

Determination of the spectrum of lytic activity of bacteriophages by the electro-optical analysis of cell suspensions Changes in the electrooptical (EO) properties of cell suspensions of the Azospirillum brasilense strains Sp7, Cd, Sp107, Br14, KR77, S27, SR55, Sr75, Sp245, Jm6B2, S17, A. lipoferum strains Sp59b, Sr65, RG20am A. amazonense Am14, A. halopraeferans Au4, A. irakense strains KBC1 and KA3 d) in their contamination with the bacteriophage ΦAb-SR75 were studied depending on the infection. Control experiments were carried out to infect the cells with the bacteriophage, by making a standard inoculation of the dense nutrient media. The fact that the method for EO analysis of cell suspensions may be used to determine the spectrum of lytic activity of bacteriophages is first shown.